The Effects Of World War I - 1768 Words

The Effects of World War I Lindsay Frabotta Ms. Beck Honors World Cultures Period 3 19 May 2017 The Effects of World War I The ancient Greek philosopher Plato once said, â€Å"Only the dead have seen the end of war.† While this quote could be associated with any war or battle, it is especially meaningful when discussing World War I. Plato’s quote refers to the fact that war is never truly over and one can never tell when the next war will erupt. World War I was also known as â€Å"The War to End All Wars†, but it obviously failed to do so. The First World War was the most deadly large-scale confrontation that the old world had ever experienced. Thousands of people lost their homes as the war plowed through European cities. Women were widowed†¦show more content†¦One of the most important peace treaties in history, the Treaty of Versailles, was signed on June 28, 1919, the five year anniversary of the assassination of Franz Ferdinand. From a political aspect, there were major changes to the world that were brought by the many peace treaties of Worl d War I. There were over thirty treaties signed to end the war, which meant there were several agreements and decisions made between the countries involved. The victors held the Paris Peace Conference, also known as the Versailles Peace Conference, to discuss and set the peace terms for the defeated Central Powers. Diplomats from more than 32 countries were present, and the majority of the terms agreed upon were targeted at Germany. As the key aggressor, Germany was forced to give up a significant amount of its lands. One of the most important of these lands was the Alsace-Lorraine, which was given to France. Germany and France had fought over this territory for over a hundred years and Germany officially took control after its victory in the Franco-Prussian war in 1871. Denmark and Poland, now independent states, also received territories previously owned by Germany. Along with territorial loss, Germany was forced to pay for war damages and decrease the size of its army. Germanyâ €™s conditions after the war led to the German Revolution of 1918 which gave rise to the Weimar Republic, aShow MoreRelatedThe Great War And Its Effects On World War I1341 Words   |  6 Pageswith perfect clarity. All that I know now is partial and incomplete, but then I will know everything completely, just as God now knows me completely.†(Holy Bible, NIV) Fortunately, even when tragedy strikes, God s sole interest is the good of his children. Therefore, we can find comfort in the chain of circumstances God has organized not only for our lives but also for the world. God deliberately envisioned each aspect of The Great War and its effects. World War I was caused by Alliances, whichRead MoreEffects Of World War I On America1425 Words   |  6 PagesEffects of World War I on America Basic Work Rough Draft World War I was a bloody and gruesome war that drew in many countries from around the world. It lasted from July 28, 1914 to November 11, 1918. As mentioned, there were many countries involved in World War I. These countries were separated into two clashing alliances: The Triple Entente, involving the powers of France, Britain and Germany; as well as the Central Powers which involved the powers of Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman EmpireRead MoreEssay on Effects of World War I519 Words   |  3 PagesEffects of World War I World War I was rising Nazi feeling across Europe, colonial and economic rivalries, which contributed to growing international tension. The main spark that started World War I was the assassination of the Austrian archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo in June 1914. The heart of the conflict were the Central Powers, Germany and Austria-Hungary, and the Allied Powers, Britain, France, and Russia; Italy joined later in 1915, and then United States joined in 1917. World WarRead MoreWorld War I And Its Effects On America1703 Words   |  7 Pagesentered into World War, it had already been raging for some time. Between the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand during the tension between Austria-Hungary and Russia for the sake of dominance, the increasing competition from Japan for Chinese trade, and the increasingly offensive tactics of Germany concerning the U.S., the American population began to contemplate whether or not America should get involved, a topic that is still debated to this day. World War I and its effects were perceivedRead MoreThe End Effects Of World War I1555 Words   |  7 PagesEnd Effects of World War I World War I dragged on for a total of four years. Many were killed, some by another soldier, a mishap with a plane, or illness. On November 11, 1918, the war ended with an Armistice. The Armistice of World War I allowed the war to end without a winner. Germany got the heaviest load. The end of the war brought The Great Depression. Germany suffered the most during the Depression. The end of the war ignited a spark in many people that led to the roaring fire of World WarRead MoreGraffiti And Its Effects On The World War I1504 Words   |  7 Pagesmost likely been graffiti on it. Let’s start with what the definition of graffiti is, â€Å"writing or drawings scribbled, scratched, or sprayed illicitly on a wall or other surface in a public place† (Bing.com). Graffiti can be traced back as far as world war 2 the most famous tag of that time being, â€Å"Kilroy was here† along with an illustration the artist or ‘writer’ they are also known as, is unknown but believed to work in a bomb factory. Graffiti started to show it’s political and a more passionateRead MoreEssay on The Causes and Effects of World War I804 Words   |  4 PagesThe Causes and Effects of World War I In 1914 through 1918, the entire world was at war. Due to many small, and some great incidents, the world powers went to war. During the war there were many events that drastically affected the outcome. Some of these events were very influential. From the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, the war was shaped by events like this. On June 28, 1914, the Archduke of Austria-Hungary, Francis Ferdinand, and hisRead MoreThe Effect of World War I on Civilians Essay819 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effect of World War I on Civilians World War one was a military conflict which took place between 1914 and 1918. It involved many European countries as well as America and other countries around the world. This war was one of the most violent and destructive in European history. World War I was the first total war. Once the war began, the countries involved mobilized their entire populations and economic resources to achieve victory on the battlefield. The termRead MoreThe Treaty Of Versailles And Its Effect On The World War I Essay2857 Words   |  12 Pagesof the First World War, Germany stopped the conversion of its currency into gold when the war broke out. Unlike France, which levied its first income tax to pay for the World War, the German Kaiser and Reichstag decided unopposed to fund the war completely by borrowing, a decision criticized by financial stalwarts like Hjalmar Schacht even before hyperinflation came into being. The result was the exchange rate of the Mark against the US dollar started falling steadily during the war from 4.2 to 8Read MoreEffects Of World War I Ended On The 1920s1567 Words   |  7 PagesWhen World War I ended on November 11, 1918, President Warren G. Harding proposed â€Å"a return to normalcy†. This promised a return of the United States prewar mentality, without the thought of war contaminating the minds of the American people. With this in min d, the 1920s began- but Americans in the 1930s witnessed dramatic changes in their lives from the 1920s. The 1920s was a period of prosperity and economic success, while the 1930s was a time of economic downfall. The economy fluctuated between

How much gold exists and where is it within the economy - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2432 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Economics Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Gold is determined by the inflation, the U.S dollar and U.S. stock market unpredictability. Gold has always held a special charm and fascination in peoples minds. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "How much gold exists and where is it within the economy?" essay for you Create order Possibly it is the colour, weight, or the fact that over time it has come to symbolize an elemental resource for value and wealth. After a small research on the World Gold Council website, we can found that an estimate which pegged the total amount of mined gold from old era to the present, calculated at 158,000 tonnes. This is a very large number, but one thing is very difficult to get close to peoples heart. It can be shared through the population of the world and there are approximately 23 grams per person and is about 1.2 cubic centimetres each. This is equivalent to about $250-$350 per person value of the earth and is according to current prices. Now, we would like to describe how does one tonne of gold look like? There has been 158,000 tonnes of gold have been recovered from the earth and we assuming that is in 24K form of purity, and then will be converted into 5,079,817,925 troy ounces. If a cubic centimetre of 24K gold equals to 19.3 grams, and then a cubic meter of gold would weigh 19.3 tonnes. Likewise all the gold ever mined would amount to 8,187 cubic meters. Lets say all the gold in the world able to fit in a 20.15 meter cube, or 66 feet 1.3 inches square,ÂÂ  and then it will be the size of a small office building.ÂÂ  There are between 120,000 and 140,000 tonnes of gold now in the world. To imagine a single and pure gold cube with edges of about 19 metres which thats all that has ever been produced. The length is about 3 metres short of length of a tennis court. It is about 3 metres long of the length of a tennis court. In reality, a considerable number of 19 metres is shorter than a tennis court, and include all private holdings of gold coins, bars and the world jewellery. The worlds monetary gold reserve is a block of one quarters of that particular volume whereas Americas gold reserve is only one quarter only. Nowadays, there is not enough gold left in the ground. There are generally about 50,000 tonnes not yet un-mined and will charge an extra of $300 an ounce to mine the gold. After the detailed worldwide reviews, the mining industry compromise that huge mineral deposit found out that they are a thing which from the past. It can be shared amongst the population of the world and there are about 23 grams per person, about 1.2 cubic centimetres each. This is equivalent to $250-$350 per person and it will rely on the current price also. What is gold worth? The cube value which likes a short tennis court is about $1.8 trillion. By contrast, the U.S government spent $690 trillion until Year1971 was partially supported gold sovereign debt. The United States gold reserves are more than 8000 tonnes which is about 6% of the total gold mining. So, it is worth approximately $100 billion or 15% of the U.S national debt. The cube value, $1.8trillion is one fourteenth of the international bond market. $26 trillion is the western government of ruler debt constituted about two third and almost all the debt have emerged. Since Year 1971; government announced the first notes and that time government borrowing without any alert. At the present value, the gold content that will be pay is about 7% of paper based international bond market. However, the 75% of the worlds gold is not provided enough to the governments. They are being held as a private jewellery, gold and gold coins. The worlds gold is only 30,000 tonnes which is 1% of the worlds sovereign debt that was held in central bank as gold reserves. At the same time, gold stock that in the world including the majority of personally held. The underwritten risk is far less than one half of 1% in the global financial derivatives market. Nowadays, people have a strong reliance in paper notes. Investors have evaded gold for almost twenty years and at the same time as the value of gold based on financial assets has been blow up. Who owns the gold? The central bank vault held about 30,000 tonnes of the worlds gold which is 20 to 25 in percentage form. The Major Central Bank Reserves are shown at below: Nations and institutions Reserves (Tonnes) USA 8139 Germany 3469 IMF 3217 France 3025 Switzerland 2590 Italy 2452 The one that remain of gold jewellery which is about 70,000 tonnes to 80,000 tonnes, coins and personal owned bullion which about 20,000 tonnes is held by individual in the society. After the main holders that shows above the diagram, the total for others countrys central bank falls speedily. Most of the central bank just holds a hundred something tonnes and they make up about 30,000 tonnes together it. The beginning of Californias gold speeding in Year 1848, there has 90% of the gold on the ground had mined. South Africa is the worlds biggest produce gold which has the average production cost, $238 per troy ounce. The worldwide average production cost is $300 per troy ounce which estimated by Federal Reserve Board. Modern machinery and chemicals have declined the price of gold while its price is going to be raised. Why Investors Own Gold? First, lets talk about gold. The price of gold determined by the changes of supply and demand and this can affect the spending of consumers. Gold is unlike from other valued metals, example, platinum, silver, diamond and palladium. This is because the demand for those valued metal mainly appeared from the industrial application. At the beginning, gold is produced for treasure. Now, gold become worldwide acceptance that as a store of value and at the same time it is money also. Relative to other commodities, gold as we know that, it will not expire, blemish or rust and there are no substitute good for gold. There is no difference between thousands years agos gold mined and todays gold mined. In the future, we believed that although the U.S dollars currencies hit great cash in monetary history, the gold still can remain its place in the Global Financial System. The value of gold will raise compare to most national currencies. When East Central Bank buying outstrips West Central Bank selling, and it will in the not-too-distant future, the other remarkably bullish fundamentals for gold will take over and drive the gold price to levels that most people can scarcely imagine today. (John Embry, Investors Digest, March 4, 2005) There are 6 reasons showed that why investors want to own gold: As a hedge against inflation As a hedge against a declining dollars As a safe haven in times of geopolitical and financial market instability As a commodity, based on gold supply and demand fundamentals As a store of value As a portfolio diversifier As a hedge against inflation Why gold known as a hedge against inflation? When inflation goes up, the price of gold will increase also. The highest inflation in U.S was Year 1956,1974,1975,1979 and 1980. The averages real return on gold was 130.4% during those five years. To create perfect inflationary storm, there are few factors are scheming, which are government tax cut, a huge trade deficit, declining in dollars and Americas status as biggest debtor. Commoditys price increase regard to the weakening of U.S dollar. There will be no doubt that oil prices will affect gold price although the both not exactly reflect each others. If oil price increase or decrease, investors can anticipate an equivalent effect in gold price. Nevertheless, gold is still being mined and advanced at the rate of almost 2,600 tonnes for every year. So, the world gold supply above the ground is going up. The rate of gold supply is rising at about 12 centimetres annually. Thus, after 20 years more, gold will reach a full tennis court siz ed cube. For extra information, in 1968, there have 2 upward movements in the gold price. The first one took place in Year between 1972 and 1974 when the oil price up to 325%, which mean $2.44 to$10.36. At the same period, gold price rose again to 268% from $47.75 to$174.76. The second one for the price happened between Year 1978 and Year 1980, means that oil price increased about 105%, from $12.70 to $26.00. Gold price went up 254%, which from 4178.33 to $631.40. As a hedge against a declining dollars Any declining in U.S dollar will affect the price of gold to goes up or down as gold is bought and sold in U.S currencies. As a safe haven in times of geopolitical and financial market instability Even America is the only superpower in the world, but there will be numerous of trouble decaying the whole world. Gold also named as crisis commodity, it able to perform better in other investment when the time of people worry a lots. On top of that, when dreadful economy comes, the bank for sure falls badly. For those poor bank also will bring down the whole economy. The combination of the universal economy for economic and banking has to stable back the world economy which is a most vital thing to the world. When crisis happen, people will change their mind, disbelieve to paper notes and start to trust gold as a safe haven. Government save themselves by making their money currency become worthless and let gold more valued. Gold will always gives government more secure as gold will rise if the government is in lowest situation. As a commodity, based on gold supply and demand fundamentals Gold mined, copper, lead and other metals are declining. It found difficulty in release new mines as the production of the process takes about 7 year times and also difficulty to cope the supply rapidly. South Africa is the biggest gold producer in the world. Since 1931, South Africa drop to the lowest stage due to high price in gold for already 16 years. As we know that, India is the biggest country that purchasing gold in the earth. Chinas is growing rapidly in economy. Both countries have the freedom in their laws and regulations regard to the golds import and export that will help purchasing gold in a numerous amount. China is expected to be the second biggest developed country by Year 2020, which the economy is growth is 9% per year. American consumes more on Chinese products which is $162 billion for last year. Lately, the 4 majors commercial banks in China acknowledge selling gold bars to people after they had passed the countrys regulation. Before the acknowledgement, people only can purchase gold-backed certificates from the bank only. As a store of value Gold is an asset that can always remain the same value on it, which mean its value will not vanish when market collapse. So, this is the attractiveness for people who owned gold. The price of gold is unpredictable in short term, however gold able to maintain its value. An economist, Stephen Harmston of Bannock Consulting had made some comment in a 1998 report for the World Gold Council. As a portfolio diversifier Lastly, investors would like to expand their portfolio, the most efficient way to diversify portfolio and keep the wealth that formed in the stock and financial markets is invest towards assets that adversely corresponded with markets. This is why gold will as a portfolio diversifier because it is an adversely corresponded asset to the stock markets. Mostly investment advisors known that portfolio diversifier can better the portfolio performance. Searching investments that are uncorrelated to each other is the way to diversification. In order to the risk reduction, most of the investors combine asset like gold with stock and bond. The reason is stocks and bonds are fairly directly corresponded with each others. Gold had a low correspondence with bonds and stocks previously.Gold is significant for a diversified portfolio due to the reaction of price. Gold also allocation as a hedge against the corrosion of purchasing power of paper notes consumption by people. Gold still underground Those un-mined gold shows in the mining companies as reserves where any of the reasonable and confidence that can be extract economically. The reserves that remain are about 40% of the total of gold above ground which is about 50,000 tonnes. There are 50% of un-mined gold which is the worlds recognized stock in South Africa. According to Metal Economics Group, the main gold producers increased their reserves that had reported to 719.7 million or more than 22,000 tonnes at the end of 2005. If 10% recovery of losses when the extraction of ore, which mean it is equal to 14 years level of gold production in Year 2005. Inelastic supply Inelastic supply also can say as inflexible supply for gold. This is because gold is hard to find a substitute for it. For gold mined production, it really need long times, usually 5 years times and require a lot of money. This will result the supply curve of the gold equation be constant. When there is a roar times, everyone is courage to invest in and will takes a great period in gold mined production at the end. Then, a decision will make on excess inflated for the price that will be attain in the end. However, there is an inclination to ensuing over-production for the attainable price. The golds price roar in Year 1979 and 1980 brought up growing production from bottom to the peak of 1200 tonnes to 2600 tonnes in Year 1999 respectively. All major countries producing excluding South Africa that considerably increased production in this period. Once the production started to falls, gold mined will also become worthless. The undistinguished gold market resulted in reduction for the investigation. Hence, a lesser number of new gold mined waiting to be produce than demands anticipation from the market. Physical gold quantities The table below showed the comparison of kilogram quantities for gold with monetary values, spatial volumes, and meaningful human measurements. Kilograms Value @ 390$ / Oz Litres How much 0.008 $100 0.00041 A British sovereign coin 0.031 $390 0.00161 US Eagle / Canadian Maple coin 0.100 $1,254 0.00518 0.500 $6,269 0.02591 1 $12,539 0.0518 1 kilo a golf ball sized sphere 2 $25,077 0.1036 3 $37,616 0.1554 4 $50,154 0.2073 5 $62,693 0.2591 6 $75,231 0.311 A can of Coke 7 $87,770 0.363 8 $100,309 0.415 9 $112,847 0.466 10 $125,386 0.518 12 $156,000 0.645 A standard 400 oz bullion bar 20 $250,772 1.04 A litre bottle of water 50 $626,929 2.59 100 $1,253,858 5 A good sized deposit box 1,000 $12,538,580 52 10,000 $125,385,802 518 Half a cubic metre fits in a corner of a small bank vault. 100,000 $1,253,858,025 5,181 ÂÂ   1,000,000 $12,538,580,000 51,813 A small living room and more than twice Britains gold reserve. 8,139,000 $102,051,504,000 421,710 The US gold reserve fits into a town house.ÂÂ   Fort Knox is mostly empty space! 30,000,000 $376,163,190,000 1,554,404 The worlds total financial reserve of gold (central banks + significant global financial institutions) 100,000,000 $1,253,858,024,000 5,181,347 The approximate total of all privately held jewellery, bullion and coin 140,000,000 $1,755,401,234,000 7,253,886 All the gold in the world A block with edges 3 metres short of a standard sized tennis court. $7,000,000,000,000 The current US sovereign debt (which excludes future pension and health obligations, none of which have been reserved against in the public accounts)

Department of Veteran’s Affairs’ Health Care Delivery System Free Essays

In the past few decades, the role of the Department of Veteran’s Affairs (VA) as a health care delivery system has raised awareness among health care administrators, veterans, and policy makers alike. The core mission of the VA delivery system is to provide primary care, specialized care, and related medical and social support services to veterans (Wilson Kizer, 1997). Some of the most common medical benefits awarded under the VA are to veterans who have become disabled by illness or injury in the line of duty during military service. We will write a custom essay sample on Department of Veteran’s Affairs’ Health Care Delivery System or any similar topic only for you Order Now As a result, the VA health care delivery system serves as a safety net because many of the veterans served are psychologically and economically disadvantaged and have a high disease burden (Wilson Kizer, 1997). In addition, veterans who use the VA health care system have a higher level of illness than the average population, and 60 percent have no private or Medigap insurance. The VA health care delivery system provides many services for veterans, and also contributes greatly in managing health care resources. Research indicates that the availability of federal, state and local government funds to subsidize the care of persons left without services varies by state and community and may not match community need (Wilson Kizer, 1997). In this way, the VA health care delivery system contributes in managing health care resources because it takes on the strains of existing alternatives. Within this patchwork, the VA health delivery system stands out as a significant, coordinated, nationwide safety net for veterans (Wilson Kizer, 1997). The VA also cares for small vulnerable populations for whom care is expensive but generally unprofitable in the private sector (Wilson Kizer, 1997). In addition to veterans with service connected injuries, illness and exposures and former prisoners of war, the VA is legislated to treat veterans with special disabilities of spinal cord dysfunction, blindness, amputation, traumatic brain injury, substance abuse and homelessness resulting from mental illness (Wilson Kizer, 1997). The VA headquarters manages its networks by setting goals and defining strategies to maximize health care value throughout the nation. Value is defined as balanced performance of five factors: cost, access, technical quality, patient functional ability, and patient satisfaction (Wilson Kizer, 1997). The VA headquarters also focuses on developing a standardized management and monitoring system that supports risk adjusted comparative analysis among networks (Wilson Kizer, 1997). These efforts are designed to assure that high quality care is consistently delivered. The VA health care delivery system also plays an important role in transitioning patients from one level to another level of care in the health care continuum. This transitional role can be illustrated through the VA’s treatment of serious health problems such as Parkinson’s Disease, which currently affects about 1. 5 million Americans who are diagnosed with the disease (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2001). Parkinson’s disease is a progressive degenerative disorder of the central nervous system, with physical symptoms of tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia (Mitchell et. al. , 1996). It can usually be diagnosed based on the medical history and physical findings. To better address the needs of veterans with Parkinson’s disease, in February 2001 the VA announced the creation of six centers specializing in Parkinson’s disease (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2001). The VA Parkinson’s centers also develop training programs for patients, families, students and health care professionals. Additionally, each site conducts a clinical demonstration program for evaluating new models of care delivery for veterans with Parkinson’s disease and movement disorders (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2001). Furthermore, the VA hospitals are devoted to new research on Parkinson’s disease in the development of surgical treatment for late-stage patients for whom medical therapy is no longer effective and development of new medications, which are more effective and have fewer side effects (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2001). In this way the VA health care delivery system assisting in the transition of patients from one level to another level of care. Finally, the available research indicates that the VA health delivery system contributes well overall in providing services and managing health care resources. This health care system appears to spread itself over the areas where other health care services are lacking, thus enhancing the quality of care and services provided. As long as market forces dominate the health care industry and state and local funding vary, the stabilizing influence of a national safety net such as the VA health care delivery system becomes more crucial. As improvements in health care become more necessary and evident, the VA system will continue to improve the standards of health care for all veterans. Future analysis of the VA health care delivery system in comparison to other health care delivery systems will assist in evaluating the quality of care offered by the VA. How to cite Department of Veteran’s Affairs’ Health Care Delivery System, Essay examples

Operational management of Tourism and Hospitality

Question: Discuss about the Registration of Propriety Limited Company. Answer: Introduction A propriety Limited Company in most cases is abbreviated as PTY LTD. The name propriety means a company which is privately owned and on the other hand, limited refers to the liability that arises from the shareholders limited payment of debts by the amount of shares. Before registration of propriety limited company especially in Australia. There are very vital and important requirements which must be met. These requirements include the following; the company in question must at least have one director on board. The company must also have a physical Australian address for an office that is registered (Australia 2011). Other than that, the company must have on the lower case at least one shareholder but not exceeding a total of 50 non employees. The registration of a propriety limited company is reffered to section 117 where an application for registration is taken and completed in preparation of all the relevant consent. The application of the form has to be made to be made to ASIC whose full meaning is Australian Securities and Investment Commission. The subject body is the one charged with governing all the companies incorporation. At the registration of a propriety limited company, one will have to provide a corporate register for documentation which is supposed to be in line with the Corporate Act of 2001. It is only out of this that Australian Securities and Investment Commission will be able to provide you with the registration certificate. Nevertheless, the registration of a propriety limited company also requires very close observance on the internal management of the company which is to be governed by combination of rules and constitution that are replaceable. The mentioned should be in line with the Corporation Act under section 134 and 135. According to Corporations Act of 2001, replaceable rules are defined as certain sections within the Corporate Act which have an automatic application with respect to governing the management of the company. The NB section 134 and 135, clearly states the powers of rules that are within the constitution. Some of the powers include the following; the appointment and powers of the directors. It also deals with the regulation of the members and directors meetings. On the same aspect, it provides for the provisions of a number of share classes (Australia company laws and regulations handbook 2009). This is the main reason why the internal management of the propriety limited company should be under the governance by the combination of replaceable rules and constitution under section 134 and 135 as already covered from a detailed perspective. The registration of the company in question should also have a class of both ordinary shares as well as a class of redeemable preference shares. The former is covered under section 254A (2) and (3). In the case of preference shares, it is important in a companys registration since it empowers the subject issue. The shares are also pegged to the already discussed concept of constitutionality and rules of NB section 134 and 135 that deals with matters related to repayment of capital, cumulative and noncumulative of dividends (Cassidy 2006). On the part of redeemable preference shares under section 254A (3), it is vital for registration because it will allow for the propriety limited company to redeem its shares at a time that is fixed or on the happening of certain events. The events may be in line with the subject company option or shareholders option. All these are captured in NB section 254A (3). Section 198 A in the Corporate Act Background information of the section in context in line with the Corporate Act Section 198A of the corporate Act is a section that occurs within the 2001 Act of Corporations. It is a section that covers wider area or a wide perspective. The section is mainly in line with the powers directors, for example under special rules; it mentions propriety companies that may have single directors (Cch Editors. (2008). The section stipulates that the director of a propriety company is allowed to administer all of the company except where the Act in question requires the company to undergo an exercise of a general meeting. Reason for Inclusion of Section 198A in the Corporate Act The main reason for inclusion of the chapter in question is based on the provision it offers in terms of the overall managerial remuneration That is either payable by a private company where we find the propriety limited company or public company. This particular section also offers great and extensive coverage on the view of directors of propriety limited companies. Some the area it covers includes the duties of directors, those who are considered as directors among other major concerns. Section 191under the Corporate Act Background of section 191 under the mentioned Act The section in question is in line with the material self interest. This is mainly on the duties that are majorly held by the directors and therefore the disclosure of those duties is within their discretion (Cohen, Small Zimiles 2002). Reason for Inclusion of the Section in Context under the Corporate Act Main reason for inclusion of the subject section in the Corporate Act is because it closely examines how directors undertake duties they need to disclose. For example; it states that a company director has a material of personal interest in a matter that relates to the affairs of the company and must also offer notice messages unless stated otherwise. The section in question within the Corporate Act also gives relation to a contract that a company may bring forward in terms of entering into a business that is still pending approval by the members and there will be no imposition on any obligation on the grounds that the approval is not made by the members. The final reason why it is included in the Corporate Act is also on the basis that it analyzes various sub paragraphs in which if incase there are conflicting issues within the propriety limited company or any other company provided its provisions are within the subject section, references can be made and problem analyzed. Therefore section 191 is a vital organ in the Corporate Act, some experts at one point argued it out as one of the sections that act as key pillars to the Act in context. There argument was majorly based on how the Act addresses critical concerns with regards to companys directors and how these concerns can be looked at from a deeper perspective (Tomasic, Bottomley McQueen 2002). The Act has created many merits in companys managerial procedures because directors have been made known to the nature of their work and how they are also suppose to undertake them. Section 250 R (2) (3) of the Corporate Act Background of the above Section with regards to the Corporate Act The background of the section in context is mainly about the critical role it plays with regards to Corporations Act 2001 under AGM. Its background critically examines purposes and objectives that are to be considered in the cases of annual general meetings. Reason for Inclusion in the Corporate Act Its main reason for existence in the Corporate Act is because of the detailed information and guidelines that it offers for Annual General Meetings. It is documented in the subject section that there should considerations which are to be made with respect to both the financial report and the directors report. Section 250R (2) (3) also includes the consideration of the auditors report for the AGM (Moore Watson 2003). Apart from the mentioned, the subject also offers electoral guidelines for propriety limited companies, the fixation of the auditors remunerations and the procedure for appointment of auditors. The section above offers guidelines that are used in the advisory resolutions when it comes to adoption of reports of remuneration. The vitality of this section is greater because it acts as what combines the whole of propriety limited sector or even sectors of public companies. This is because as already mentioned in the background of the subject; it takes direct controls of AGMs. It is out of these AGMs that a company is able reflects into issues that relates to its operations, how it has performed for that particular year and even report analysis. From here, the company will able to come up with recommendations and restructuring policies that will be able to move it to greater highs (Slemrod 2010). On the same plight, the section in question also offers guidelines on matters of elections as mentioned are key areas in a company. The section ensures that there is smooth exit of the old energy and allows the entrance of a new energy that will be able to spur the company into better and greater heights. The mentioned are just a few explanations with the view of the already mentioned key reasons for inclusion of the section in question. Conclusion In conclusion, the registration of a propriety limited company is a detailed process that requires a number of documents and provisions as mentioned in the introductory paragraphs. The task above has also tackled critical areas that as provided as per the instructions. References Australia. (2011). Australian corporations securities legislation 2011. North Ryde, N.S.W., CCH Australia. Australia company laws and regulations handbook (2009). Vol. 1 strategic information and basic regulations. Vol. 1 strategic information and basic regulations. Washington, International Business Publications. Cassidy, J. (2006). Concise corporations law. Annandale, N.S.W., Federation Press. Cch Editors. (2008). Australian master accountants guide 2008/09. Sydney, CCH Australia. Cohen, H. R., Small, R. A., Zimiles, E. (2002). Money laundering update 2002: what you need to know now. New York, Practising Law Institute. Tomasic, R., Bottomley, S., McQueen, R. (2002). Corporations law in Australia. Sydney, Federation Press. Moore, J. C., Watson, V. (2003). Long service leave (New South Wales): being the Long Service Leave Act, 1955-1963, with rules, forms and notes. Sydney, Law Book Co. of Australasia. Slemrod, J. (2010). Do taxes matter?: the impact of the Tax Reform Act of 1986. Cambridge, Mass, MIT Press.